ABSTRACT Species of Discinaceae are common macrofungi with a worldwide distribution.Some of them are commercially consumed, while a few others are reported as poisonous.Two genera were accepted in the family: the epigeous Gyromitra with discoid, cerebriform to saddle-shaped ascomata and the hypogeous Hydnotrya with globose or tuberous ascomata.Howe

Abstract Endosomal nucleic acid sensing by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is central to antimicrobial immunity and several autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).The innate immune adaptor TASL mediates, via the interaction with SLC15A4, the activation of IRF5 downstream of human TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9, but the pathophysiological

Burmese python (Python bivittatus) is an invasive snake that has significantly affected ecosystems in southern Florida, United States.Aside from direct predation and competition, invasive species can also introduce nonnative pathogens that can adversely affect native species.The subfamily Serpentovirinae (order Nidovirales) is composed of Tidbit po

Extensive utilization of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) as flame retardants since the 1960s in a variety of commercial products has resulted in ubiquitous environmental distribution of commercial PBDE mixtures.Dangers posed to biological populations became apparent after the discovery Tidbit of elevated levels of PBDEs in biota, most notabl

Walter Ling,1 David Farabee,1 Dagmar Liepa,2 Li-Tzy Wu3 1Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 2Valley Care Medical Center, Panorama City, CA, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, earphone connection Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA We have been surprised and